There is no reference to the word “Karimān” in Garshaāp story in the Avesta, Pahlavi and Persian Zoroastrian texts. However, it can be found in the story of “Rostam and Sohrāb”, and “Rostam and Esfandiār” in the Shāh-nāmeh. Since the epic texts in other Iranian languages are significant in Shāh-nāmeh studies, the Haft-Lashkar manuscript and other texts in the Gurani language are worth considering in order investigating the significance of “Karimān”. This word and its modified derivative “Qahramān” in these texts refer to two characters: Narimān’s father and a hero in the age of Hushang and Tahmureth. Therefore, it can be concluded that “Karimān” in the Shāh-nāmeh corresponds to two characters: 1) Nariman's father in the story of “Rostam and Sohrab” and 2) Hushang’s son in the story of “Rostam and Esfandiār”. It can be assumed that Ferdowsi considers sources other than Khoday-nameh and Abumansuri’s Shāh-nāmeh for the word.
Akbari Mafakher, A. (2012). Who is Karimān Based on the Manuscript of Gurani’s Haft-Lashkar?. New Literary Studies, 44(3), 15-37. doi: 10.22067/jls.v44i3.12648
MLA
Arash Akbari Mafakher. "Who is Karimān Based on the Manuscript of Gurani’s Haft-Lashkar?", New Literary Studies, 44, 3, 2012, 15-37. doi: 10.22067/jls.v44i3.12648
HARVARD
Akbari Mafakher, A. (2012). 'Who is Karimān Based on the Manuscript of Gurani’s Haft-Lashkar?', New Literary Studies, 44(3), pp. 15-37. doi: 10.22067/jls.v44i3.12648
VANCOUVER
Akbari Mafakher, A. Who is Karimān Based on the Manuscript of Gurani’s Haft-Lashkar?. New Literary Studies, 2012; 44(3): 15-37. doi: 10.22067/jls.v44i3.12648
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